貿易指南

在文件作業流程的情境中理解貿易術語。

在準備 CI、PL、運輸文件與文件包之前,以簡短定義讓團隊有共識。

台灣 貿易術語

以白話說明文件作業用語。

透過本指南,讓團隊對共通貿易術語,以及 台灣 使用的海關、稅務、主管機關與企業識別碼有一致的理解。

Commercial Invoice

Document

The main commercial document that states seller, buyer, goods, quantity, price, currency, Incoterms, and payment terms.

Packing List

Document

A packing and logistics document that explains package count, quantities, gross weight, net weight, CBM, and marks.

B/L

Transport

Bill of Lading. A sea transport document often used for cargo release, bank submission, and shipment evidence.

AWB

Transport

Air Waybill. An air transport document used as carriage evidence and a shipment tracking reference.

Incoterms 2020

Trade Terms

A standard set of trade terms that allocates cost, risk, delivery point, insurance, and clearance responsibilities.

Letter of Credit

Payment

A bank payment arrangement where document wording, shipment dates, copies, signatures, and values are reviewed strictly.

Merchant of Record

Billing

The seller of record for checkout. For Documents Dock global billing, Paddle handles payment, tax, receipts, invoices, and refunds.

Proforma Invoice

Document

A preliminary invoice sent before shipment to confirm price, quantity, currency, and Incoterms, often used to arrange payment or an import permit.

Purchase Order (PO)

Document

A buyer-issued order that fixes the agreed items, quantities, price, and terms; its number is referenced across the shipment's documents.

Certificate of Origin (CO)

Document

A document identifying where goods originate. It may support a preferential tariff claim or satisfy an importing-country evidence requirement.

Consignee

Transport

The party to whom the goods are shipped and released, named on the transport document (B/L or AWB).

Notify Party

Transport

The contact the carrier notifies when cargo arrives, often the consignee or its forwarder or customs representative.

Gross / Net Weight

Transport

Gross weight includes packaging; net weight is the goods only. Both appear on the Packing List and are cross-checked against the B/L or AWB.

CBM

Transport

Cubic metres: the shipment volume used for freight pricing and to verify the Packing List against transport documents.

Telex Release

Transport

An electronic cargo release that lets the consignee collect goods without an original paper B/L after the shipper surrenders it at origin.

Free Trade Agreement (FTA)

Trade Terms

An agreement that may lower tariffs when the goods meet its origin rules and the required proof of origin is available.

HS Code

Customs

用於分類貨品的國際商品統一分類制度(HS)代碼。台灣申報使用 11 碼貨品分類號列(CCC Code,前 8 碼為稅則號別),請於關港貿單一窗口的稅則稅率查詢確認最新號列。

出進口廠商登記

台灣

公司或商號經營輸出入業務前,向經濟部國際貿易署辦理的登記(貿易法第 9 條)。線上申請、免費,約一個工作天核准。

統一編號

台灣

台灣營利事業的 8 碼統一識別號碼,用於報單、發票與各項貿易文件上的業者識別。

報關業者

台灣

受進出口人委任,透過關港貿單一窗口向海關申報進出口報單的專業報關代理。

進口報單/出口報單

台灣

向海關申報進出口貨物的正式申報文件。進口報單須於運輸工具進口日之翌日起 15 日內申報,逾期每日加徵滯報費新臺幣 200 元(關稅法第 73 條)。

關港貿單一窗口

台灣

整合關務、港務與貿易簽審作業的單一申報入口(CPT Single Window),進出口通關申報與查詢在此進行。

ECFA

台灣

海峽兩岸經濟合作架構協議。早收清單貨品可憑指定單位簽發的 ECFA 原產地證明書適用優惠關稅。

貿易術語 — 台灣 | Documents Dock